2024 · Apžvalga · Anglų

Integrative review on place-based and other geographically defined responses to drug-related threats in communities

Pratschke, J., Glanville, J., & Kelly, P.

Pratschke, J., Glanville, J., & Kelly, P. (2024). Integrative review on place-based and other geographically defined responses to drug-related threats in communities. Health Research Board. drugsandalcohol.ie/40846/

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Integrative evidence review commissioned by the Health Research Board (HRB Drug and Alcohol Evidence Review 9) on place-based and other geographically defined responses to drug-related threats. Method: a review of reviews and an extensive database search, screened down to 41 publications, followed by a thematic synthesis around five questions on how place and drug-related threats are linked, how sites are selected, which initiatives show promise, which indicators measure impact and how far they apply to Ireland. Results: the report profiles ten initiatives, among them PROSPER, the Icelandic Prevention Model, the HEALing Communities Study and Communities That Care, for which it summarises the Community Youth Development Study, the Pennsylvania roll-out and the transfers to Germany, the Netherlands and Croatia, noting the shortage of evidence-based programmes outside the United States. Conclusion: the first generation of large place-based initiatives can be effective and cost-efficient in their original context, but population-level effects on drug use appear modest and do not seem to endure beyond school; nearly all were implemented in the USA, rarely targeted deprived areas and depend on practitioners embracing their logic. Ireland's Local and Regional Drug and Alcohol Task Forces are identified as analogous structures.